Ford F-150 Years to Avoid — and the Years to Buy Instead

Search for the Ford F-150 years to avoid and you will find a dozen lists, most of them agreeing with each other and almost none of them showing their working. This one shows its working, because the working is the only part that is worth anything: every figure below comes from the two federal databases that record what actually went wrong with these cars — owner complaints filed with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and recall campaigns filed by the manufacturer with the same agency.

There are 26 Ford F-150 model years on record, 2000 through 2025, carrying 28,441 owner complaints and 182 recall campaigns between them. That is enough data to say something specific. It is also enough data to say something misleading, which is what happens when a list ranks model years by raw complaint count.

Here is the trap in one comparison. The 2000 F-150 has 1,204 complaints against it. The 2025 has 122. Read that as a quality ranking and you would conclude the F-150 has improved beyond recognition. Read it as what it is — a car that has been on the road for years against one that has been on sale for months — and it says almost nothing about either. Complaints accumulate. Any ranking that ignores that is measuring age.

What survives the correction is narrower and more useful: six F-150 model years drew materially more complaints than the years immediately around them, which had nearly the same time on the road. Those are the years worth being careful about, and the sections below name them, say what owners were reporting, and quote the recall campaigns that ran alongside.

If you already have a specific car in mind rather than a model year, the fastest thing you can do is run its plate or VIN before you drive anywhere. Our guide to checking a used car’s history walks the free federal checks in order.

How these years were ranked

Two federal datasets sit behind this page. Recall campaigns are filed by the manufacturer when a defect is judged to present an unreasonable risk to safety; they are investigated, they are public, and the repair is free. Owner complaints are the opposite kind of record — unverified, self-selected, filed by whoever was annoyed enough to fill in the form. Neither is a reliability score. Together they are still far better evidence than an opinion piece.

The problem with complaint counts is exposure. Every year a car stays on the road is another year in which something can fail and an owner can file. Older model years therefore carry higher totals almost by construction, and a list that sorts by that total will hand you the oldest cars in the range and call them the worst.

The correction used here is to compare each model year against its own neighbours instead of against the whole range. For every F-150 year, the two years before it and the two years after it form a comparison group that has been on the road for approximately as long. If a year draws substantially more complaints than that group, exposure cannot explain the gap, and something about that year probably can.

Crash-test ratings are handled separately and not blended into anything. NHTSA’s rating programme changed substantially for the 2011 model year, so a five-star car from before that date and a five-star car from after it did not pass the same test. 15 F-150 model years carry an overall star rating, and they are reported as their own section rather than folded into a ranking.

The Ford F-150 years that stand out from their neighbours

Six model years clear the threshold. They are listed worst first, by how far each one sits above the years around it rather than by how many complaints it has in absolute terms — which is why the order may not match the raw counts.

2004 Ford F-150

Owners filed 2,035 complaints against the 2004 F-150. The four model years around it median 772, which puts this year at 2.64 times its neighbourhood. Those neighbouring cars have been on the road within a year or two of as long, so the gap is not explained by age.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: visibility (844), powertrain (233) and engine and engine cooling (169). 33 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 74 reports involving a crash, 40 involving a fire, 74 recorded injuries and 6 recorded deaths. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The 2004 also carries 16 recall campaigns, concentrated on exterior lighting (nine) and petrol fuel system (four).

As a result of the corrosion, one or both straps may fail allowing the fuel lines to separate from the tank, or in some cases, causing the tank to contact the ground. Either scenario may result in a fuel leak presenting a fire hazard.

— NHTSA campaign 11V385000, fuel system, gasoline

Every one of those campaigns is repaired free of charge, on any age of vehicle, by any franchised dealer. Whether the work was actually done on the specific car you are looking at is a different question, and one you can answer in about two minutes — see how to check a car for open recalls.

2005 Ford F-150

Owners filed 1,121 complaints against the 2005 F-150. The four model years around it median 540.5, which puts this year at 2.07 times its neighbourhood. Those neighbouring cars have been on the road within a year or two of as long, so the gap is not explained by age.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: visibility (261), engine (117) and engine and engine cooling (114). 31 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 50 reports involving a crash, 29 involving a fire, 57 recorded injuries and 2 recorded deaths. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The 2005 also carries 14 recall campaigns, concentrated on exterior lighting (eight) and airbags (one).

Failure of this connection could lead to fuel spillage and, in the presence of an ignition source, a fire could occur.

— NHTSA campaign 06E056000, petrol fuel system

Every one of those campaigns is repaired free of charge, on any age of vehicle, by any franchised dealer. Whether the work was actually done on the specific car you are looking at is a different question, and one you can answer in about two minutes — see how to check a car for open recalls.

2018 Ford F-150

Owners filed 1,872 complaints against the 2018 F-150. The four model years around it median 1,037.5, which puts this year at 1.8 times its neighbourhood. Those neighbouring cars have been on the road within a year or two of as long, so the gap is not explained by age.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: powertrain (728), engine (445) and uncategorised (192). 31 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 58 reports involving a crash, 29 involving a fire, 45 recorded injuries and 3 recorded deaths. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The 2018 also carries 19 recall campaigns, concentrated on powertrain (four) and engine (three).

When the heater is plugged in, prolonged corrosion could cause a resistive short, increasing the risk of overheated or melted wiring which can increase the risk of a fire.

— NHTSA campaign 18V894000, engine

Every one of those campaigns is repaired free of charge, on any age of vehicle, by any franchised dealer. Whether the work was actually done on the specific car you are looking at is a different question, and one you can answer in about two minutes — see how to check a car for open recalls.

2013 Ford F-150

Owners filed 2,796 complaints against the 2013 F-150. The four model years around it median 1,571, which puts this year at 1.78 times its neighbourhood. Those neighbouring cars have been on the road within a year or two of as long, so the gap is not explained by age.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: powertrain (1,212), engine (531) and service brakes (354). 32 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 74 reports involving a crash, 31 involving a fire, 60 recorded injuries and 1 recorded death. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

2021 Ford F-150

Owners filed 1,228 complaints against the 2021 F-150. The four model years around it median 734, which puts this year at 1.67 times its neighbourhood. Those neighbouring cars have been on the road within a year or two of as long, so the gap is not explained by age.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: powertrain (427), electrical system (167) and uncategorised (118). 33 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 18 reports involving a crash, 7 involving a fire, 13 recorded injuries and 1 recorded death. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

2011 Ford F-150

Owners filed 2,137 complaints against the 2011 F-150. The four model years around it median 1,283.5, which puts this year at 1.66 times its neighbourhood. Those neighbouring cars have been on the road within a year or two of as long, so the gap is not explained by age.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: powertrain (786), engine (477) and steering (413). 31 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 41 reports involving a crash, 18 involving a fire and 31 recorded injuries. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The years that came in quietest

The same comparison run the other way. These are the F-150 years whose owners filed fewer complaints than the owners of the years around them, ordered by the size of the gap. A quiet year is a weaker signal than a loud one — silence has more possible causes than noise, including simply fewer cars sold — but the pattern is worth having.

2003 Ford F-150

The 2003 F-150 drew 464 complaints against a neighbourhood median of 1,230.5 — 0.38 times, which is to say meaningfully fewer than the years either side of it despite having had the same time to accumulate them.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: engine and engine cooling (74), powertrain (71) and electrical system (60). 30 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 45 reports involving a crash, 39 involving a fire, 39 recorded injuries and 1 recorded death. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The 2003 also carries eleven recall campaigns, concentrated on exterior lighting (five) and petrol fuel system (two).

As a result of the corrosion, one or both straps may fail allowing the fuel lines to separate from the tank, or in some cases, causing the tank to contact the ground. Either scenario may result in a fuel leak presenting a fire hazard.

— NHTSA campaign 11V385000, fuel system, gasoline

Every one of those campaigns is repaired free of charge, on any age of vehicle, by any franchised dealer. Whether the work was actually done on the specific car you are looking at is a different question, and one you can answer in about two minutes — see how to check a car for open recalls.

2024 Ford F-150

The 2024 F-150 drew 241 complaints against a neighbourhood median of 595 — 0.41 times, which is to say meaningfully fewer than the years either side of it despite having had the same time to accumulate them.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: powertrain (69), electrical system (58) and exterior lighting (53). 30 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 26 reports involving a crash, 4 involving a fire and 12 recorded injuries. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

2009 Ford F-150

The 2009 F-150 drew 324 complaints against a neighbourhood median of 671 — 0.48 times, which is to say meaningfully fewer than the years either side of it despite having had the same time to accumulate them.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: vehicle speed control (54), electrical system (46) and engine (42). 27 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 28 reports involving a crash, 8 involving a fire and 21 recorded injuries. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The 2009 also carries two recall campaigns, concentrated on structure (one) and exterior lighting (one).

In the event of a side impact crash, the door handle spring can fail causing the door latch to open.

— NHTSA campaign 11V049000, structure

Every one of those campaigns is repaired free of charge, on any age of vehicle, by any franchised dealer. Whether the work was actually done on the specific car you are looking at is a different question, and one you can answer in about two minutes — see how to check a car for open recalls.

2020 Ford F-150

The 2020 F-150 drew 530 complaints against a neighbourhood median of 1,106 — 0.48 times, which is to say meaningfully fewer than the years either side of it despite having had the same time to accumulate them.

What owners were reporting, by the categories NHTSA files them under: powertrain (225), engine (98) and electrical system (66). 30 distinct component categories appear in the year’s filings in total.

Those filings include 17 reports involving a crash, 3 involving a fire and 15 recorded injuries. These fields are owner-reported and unverified, and a complaint marked as involving a crash is not a finding that the vehicle caused one.

The 2020 also carries eleven recall campaigns, concentrated on exterior lighting (two) and electrical system (two).

Inoperative vehicle systems or an engine stall can increase the risk of a crash. Reduced braking and steering efforts increases the risk of a crash. This condition could also create a resistive short, increasing the risk of a fire.

— NHTSA campaign 19V805000, electrical system

Every one of those campaigns is repaired free of charge, on any age of vehicle, by any franchised dealer. Whether the work was actually done on the specific car you are looking at is a different question, and one you can answer in about two minutes — see how to check a car for open recalls.

Separately, and on a different axis entirely: the highest overall NHTSA crash-test rating in the range goes to the 2015 F-150 at five stars, made up of five for frontal impact, five for side impact and four for rollover resistance. Star ratings measure how the car protects occupants in a controlled crash. They say nothing about whether it will need a gearbox.

What actually goes wrong on a Ford F-150

Set the years aside for a moment. Pooling every complaint across every F-150 model year on record and sorting by the component category NHTSA files it under gives you the model’s actual failure profile — the things that recur regardless of which year you buy.

The powertrain leads with 7,145 citations of the 23,150 in the top eight categories, followed by the engine at 4,057 and the electrical system at 3,130. Read the leader carefully before you read anything into it: some categories are broad enough to collect unrelated faults, and a large count can mean one common failure or twenty uncommon ones.

A complaint is one owner’s account, filed voluntarily, with nobody checking it. That makes the list above a map of what annoyed people enough to write it down rather than a failure-rate table. It is still the closest thing to a public failure record that exists for this car, and it is free.

Every Ford F-150 model year on record

The whole dataset, so you can check any claim above against it or draw a different line than we did. “Neighbour median” is the median complaint count of the two years before and the two years after. “Ratio” is the year’s own count divided by that median: above one means more complaints than its neighbours, below one means fewer.

Blank cells mean the agency holds no figure, not a figure of zero. “Not judged” marks the years at each end of the range, which have neighbouring years on one side only: their complaint counts are real, but there is no full comparison group to set them against, and the newest year on the list has been collecting filings for months rather than years. Crash-test ratings in particular are patchy: NHTSA does not test every trim of every year, and the programme was made significantly harder for the 2011 model year, so ratings either side of that line are not comparable.

Recalls: the column that scares people for the wrong reason

A long recall list looks like bad news and is often the opposite. A recall means a defect was identified, reported to the regulator and is being fixed at the manufacturer’s expense, on every affected car, forever. The failure mode you should worry about is the defect that never became a campaign.

The Ford F-150 range carries 182 campaigns across 26 model years, with the 2001 carrying the most at 19. By component, they cluster on exterior lighting (65), petrol fuel system (15), equipment (13) and service brakes, hydraulic (10).

The number that matters is not how many campaigns a model year has. It is how many are still open on the specific vehicle in front of you — a figure that depends entirely on whether previous owners took it in. NHTSA’s own lookup answers that from the VIN, free, and our walkthrough of checking a car for open recalls covers what to do when it comes back with something outstanding.

What this data cannot tell you

Worth being blunt about, because the pages competing with this one are not. Three things the figures above genuinely do not establish.

They are not failure rates. NHTSA publishes complaint counts, not the number of vehicles sold. Without a denominator, a year with more F-150s on the road will tend to collect more complaints than a year with fewer, independent of quality. The neighbour comparison reduces this — adjacent years usually sold in similar numbers — but it does not eliminate it.

They are not verified. Anyone can file a complaint and nobody checks it. A model year that attracts press coverage attracts complaints, some of which would never have been filed otherwise. Recalls do not have this problem; complaints do.

They are not about the car you are buying. This is the big one. A well-maintained example of a bad year will outlast a neglected example of a good one, and it is not close. Service history, previous owners, accident record and whether outstanding recalls were done are all properties of the individual vehicle, and all of them outweigh the model year on the windscreen.

Checking the F-150 in front of you

Everything above is about a model year. Buying is about one car. The gap between those two is where the money is lost, and closing it takes about ten minutes of desk work before you spend an afternoon driving to see something.

1. Run the VIN for open recalls. Free, direct from NHTSA, instant. If the year you are looking at appears in the recall section above, this is not optional.
2. Check the title status. A salvage or rebuilt brand changes what the car is worth and what it costs to insure. Our guide to what a salvage title means explains why the brand is a financial verdict rather than a mechanical one.
3. Check the mileage against the record. A VIN holds no mileage, but the reported readings attached to it across titles and inspections will show a rollback as an inconsistency — see mileage check by VIN.
4. Ask for the service record against the component list. If the F-150 you are looking at is a flagged year, the components named above are the ones to look for in the invoices.

A commercial vehicle history report by VIN pulls the title, odometer and reported-damage records into one document, which is the part the free federal tools do not do for you. What it cannot do is tell you whether this particular F-150 was serviced — that still comes from the invoices and the inspection.

Ford F-150 years: frequently asked questions

What year Ford F-150 should I avoid?

On this data, 2004, 2005 and 2018. Each drew at least 1.6 times the owner complaints of the model years immediately before and after it, which have been exposed to the road for nearly as long. The 2004 is the clearest case at 2,035 complaints against a neighbourhood median of 772. None of this makes a specific car a bad buy — it makes it a car worth inspecting harder.

What is the most reliable Ford F-150 year?

Relative to the years around it, 2003 — 464 complaints against a neighbourhood median of 1,230.5. Two cautions. Federal complaint data is not a reliability score, and a quiet year can be quiet because fewer were sold rather than because fewer went wrong. Use it to narrow a shortlist, not to skip an inspection.

How many recalls does the Ford F-150 have?

182 campaigns across 26 model years, 2000 to 2025. That figure is close to meaningless on its own, because a campaign covers whichever cars the defect affected and says nothing about your car. The number that matters is how many are still unrepaired on the specific VIN, which NHTSA will tell you free in under two minutes.

What are the most common Ford F-150 problems?

By the categories NHTSA files complaints under, the powertrain leads across the whole range with 7,145 citations, then the engine at 4,057 and the electrical system at 3,130. These are broad categories rather than specific faults — one category can hold a single recurring failure or a dozen unrelated ones — so treat them as where to look, not as what is wrong.

Does a recall mean I should avoid that F-150 year?

No, and the instinct usually runs backwards. A recall is a defect that was found, reported and is repaired free of charge for the life of the vehicle by any franchised dealer, regardless of how many owners it has had. The years worth worrying about are the ones with complaints and no campaign behind them, because there is nothing standing behind the repair bill.

Is a high-complaint F-150 year actually unreliable?

Not necessarily. Complaint counts have no denominator — NHTSA publishes how many people filed, not how many cars were sold — and nobody verifies a filing. That is exactly why every year on this page is measured against the years either side of it rather than against the range, since adjacent model years usually sold in similar numbers and have had similar time on the road.

Which Ford F-150 has the best crash-test rating?

The 2015 carries the highest NHTSA overall rating in the range at five stars. Compare star ratings within an era rather than across one: the programme was made significantly more demanding for the 2011 model year, so a rating from before that date and one from after it were not earned against the same test.

Where does this data come from?

Two public federal databases, pulled directly rather than through an intermediary: NHTSA’s owner complaint database and its recall campaign database, plus its New Car Assessment Program crash-test ratings where a F-150 of that year was tested. Every figure on this page is reproducible — the sources are linked at the foot of the page, and the year-by-year table prints the raw counts rather than a score derived from them.